C++ Arithmetic Operators

In C++ Arithmetic Operators are symbols that are use to carry out mathematical  operation, these symbols include (+, -, %, /, *) and they are used for addition, subtraction, getting a remainder, divisions and multiplication.

In this lesson you will learn how to all of them and will we be using variables a lot in these examples but no in all of them to show you the many ways you can use them. 

First we will use them without variables so I am going to print out result of using all the operators this is shown below i won't be comment on every line of code as before to speed up things.

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    //addition
    cout <<"Add 5 and 2: " << 5 + 2<<endl;
    //subtraction
    cout <<"Minus 5 and 2: "<< 5 - 2<<endl;
    //division
    cout << "Divide 5 and 2: " << 5 / 2<<endl;
    //multiplication
    cout << "Multiple 5 and 2: " << 5 * 2<<endl;
    //modulo
    cout << "Modulo 5 and 2: remainder " << 5 % 2<<endl;
    system("pause>nul");//doesn't print press any key to continue... when it pause
}

That is basically they work I'm not sure if i can break it down any further than showing you the code. but i will show you example how modulo works or alternative to get modulo. and this is shown in the code below as I said modulo is just the remainder of from a division so that what we are going to do find the remain of a division it may seem useless just because i am not using variables.

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    //modulo
    cout << "normal modulo 5 and 2: remainder " << 5 % 2<<endl;
    //alternative modulo 
    cout << "alernative mod 5 and 2: remainder " <<  5 - (5/2)*2<<endl;
    //with varibles to make it easier to undestand

    //declare varibles
    int num = 5;
    int num1 = 2;
    
    cout <<"alernative with varibles mod 5 and 2: remainder " << num -(num/num1)*num1;
   system("pause>nul");//doesn't print press any key to continue...
}

The theory behind this is pretty simple think about it you have 5 and 2 you want the remainder you know it is 1 right so you probably would say hey the remainder is just the difference of the total that is the 5 minus how much times 2 go in 5 and then that times two to find out exact value that it stops at which is 4 because 2 goes in to five 2 time so 2*2 equal 4 and then 5-4 = 1 easy right?

Okay so now i show how to manipulate variables and operators like in line 17 in the above code.

Here is the senearo person want you to calculate the pay for a week for a person who work 40 hours for the week at a rate of dollars per hour in order to do this you need to multiple the hours work by the pay rate.

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
   double hoursWorked = 40.5;//he worked 40 hours
   double payRatePerHour = 20.3;//pay rate is $20.5 a hour
   //we use double datatype because of decimals
   cout << "His Pay is $" << hoursWorked * payRatePerHour<<"\n";
   
   //you could also do this
   //save pay in a new varible
   
   double pay = hoursWorked * payRatePerHour;
   //display varible
   cout << "His Pay is $" << pay<<endl;
   
   //you can even do this to show how much the person work 
   //and the pay rate
   cout << "\nWorked: "<<hoursWorked<< "\nPay Rate: " <<  payRatePerHour << "\nPay: $" << pay<<endl;
   
   system("pause>nul");//doesn't print press any key to continue...
}

Hope you understand the above, okay so now same seniro but this time the person have sales that he made for the week the commission is 20%  of all his sale that means for every thing he sells he get 20% of  the price of the item he sold 29 items and the cost of a item is $10 okay so here we go

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    
   double hoursWorked = 40.5;//he worked 40 hours
   double payRatePerHour = 20.3;//pay rate is $20.5 a hour
   //we use double datatype because of decimals
   // and always use double when its money too
   
   double numberOfItemsSold = 29;//amount of items sold
   double priceOfItem = 10;//cost for the item
   
   cout << "His Pay is $" << hoursWorked * payRatePerHour + 0.20*(numberOfItemsSold*priceOfItem)<<"\n";
   
   //you could also do this
   //save pay in a new varible
   
   double pay = hoursWorked * payRatePerHour;
   //so we have the pay without the item so we just add commission to it
   pay = pay + 0.20*(numberOfItemsSold*priceOfItem);
   //display varible
   cout << "His Pay is $" << pay<<endl;
   
   //you can even do this to show how much the person work 
   //and the pay rate
   cout << "\nWorked: "<<hoursWorked<< "\nPay Rate: $" <<  payRatePerHour 
        <<"\nCommission: $"<<0.20*(numberOfItemsSold*priceOfItem)
        << "\nPay: $" << pay<<endl;
   
   system("pause>nul");//doesn't print press any key to continue...
}

Now that we are finish with that I have to explain more on line 23 I this line notice I coded pay and then say pay is equal to pay + something what it means that if pay were 20 already and I wanted to add on more on i would have to assign pay to itself and then add on the extra and thats one way to do it the other way is shown below

pay += 0.20*(numberOfItemsSold*priceOfItem);
//Or with different operator different result tho
pay *= 0.20*(numberOfItemsSold*priceOfItem);

operator alone I can use all of the to do it what this simply means is
I could similarly do this and get the same result and i can not just do it with this

pay = pay + 0.20*(numberOfItemsSold*priceOfItem);
//Or with different operator different result tho
pay = pay * 0.20*(numberOfItemsSold*priceOfItem);

Nothing different its just faster to do it that way but you have to get use to it first.

Please note a variable's value can be changed after declaring it unless of course you put the key const  example

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int a = 10;
    cout << a <<endl;
    a = 2;
    cout << a <<endl;
    a = a*a;//a square
    //Or
    a *= a;
    cout << a;
    //you can't change if declared as a constant
    const int b = 100;
    //this mean its a read only type if you try 
    //change it complier will give an error
    //example b = 50 is an error because it read only type
    cout << b;
    system("pause>nul");
}

And if you have problem with the problem solving and critical thinking games can help I grew up of puzzle games and they have made me a good problem solver here are some games you can try out, im not sure if those work on other devices such as mobile or iPad but you can see anyway

Watch This Video
Game 1
Game 2
Game 3
Game 4
Game 5
Game 6
Close Game

These are just some of the great games they have out there the more you play pass them the more you can overcome problems you become a better thinker basically. One of my all time favorite puzzle game is armadillo run  this game was worth buying you can check out the demo this one really will get you thinking.